Electrical telegraphy may be considered the first example of electrical engineering. Salva's electrolyte telegraph system was very innovative though it was greatly influenced by and based upon two discoveries made in Europe in 1800-Alessandro Volta's electric battery for generating an electric current and William Nicholson and Anthony Carlyle's electrolysis of water. Between 18, he worked on electrical telegraphy, and in 1804, he presented his report at the Royal Academy of Natural Sciences and Arts of Barcelona. In 1795, Francisco Salva Campillo proposed an electrostatic telegraph system. It was an electrostatic telegraph that moved gold leaf through electrical conduction. In 1782, Georges-Louis Le Sage developed and presented in Berlin probably the world's first form of electric telegraphy, using 24 different wires, one for each letter of the alphabet. Notable developments in this century include the work of Hans Christian Ørsted who discovered in 1820 that an electric current produces a magnetic field that will deflect a compass needle, of William Sturgeon who, in 1825 invented the electromagnet, of Joseph Henry and Edward Davy who invented the electrical relay in 1835, of Georg Ohm, who in 1827 quantified the relationship between the electric current and potential difference in a conductor, of Michael Faraday (the discoverer of electromagnetic induction in 1831), and of James Clerk Maxwell, who in 1873 published a unified theory of electricity and magnetism in his treatise Electricity and Magnetism. In the 19th century, research into the subject started to intensify. 19th century The discoveries of Michael Faraday formed the foundation of electric motor technology. By 1800 Alessandro Volta had developed the voltaic pile, a forerunner of the electric battery. In 1762 Swedish professor Johan Wilcke invented a device later named electrophorus that produced a static electric charge. He also designed the versorium: a device that detects the presence of statically charged objects. He is credited with establishing the term "electricity". William Gilbert was a prominent early electrical scientist, and was the first to draw a clear distinction between magnetism and static electricity. Main article: History of electrical engineeringĮlectricity has been a subject of scientific interest since at least the early 17th century. The tools and equipment that an individual engineer may need are similarly variable, ranging from a simple voltmeter to sophisticated design and manufacturing software. These range from circuit theory to the management skills of a project manager. These include the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) and the Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET, formerly the IEE).Įlectrical engineers work in a very wide range of industries and the skills required are likewise variable. Practising engineers may have professional certification and be members of a professional body or an international standards organization. Įlectrical engineers typically hold a degree in electrical engineering or electronic engineering. Many of these disciplines overlap with other engineering branches, spanning a huge number of specializations including hardware engineering, power electronics, electromagnetics and waves, microwave engineering, nanotechnology, electrochemistry, renewable energies, mechatronics/control, and electrical materials science. It emerged as an identifiable occupation in the latter half of the 19th century after the commercialization of the electric telegraph, the telephone, and electrical power generation, distribution, and use.Įlectrical engineering is now divided into a wide range of different fields, including computer engineering, systems engineering, power engineering, telecommunications, radio-frequency engineering, signal processing, instrumentation, photovoltaic cells, electronics, and optics and photonics. Technology, science, exploration, military, industry and societyĮlectrical engineering is an engineering discipline concerned with the study, design, and application of equipment, devices, and systems which use electricity, electronics, and electromagnetism.
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